Bad breath is also known as halitosis and can be caused by various factors. These may include:
- Poor Oral Hygiene- When food and bacteria are not regularly and thoroughly removed from the mouth by brushing and flossing, the possibility of decay and chronic gum disease infection (also known as Periodontitis) results. This in turn leads to the production of foul- smelling sulphur based compounds in the mouth.
- Dry mouth (Xerostomia) As we age our saliva flow often decreases. This reduces the natural neutralising and washing away of food and bacteria in the mouth. Certain medications or dehydration will have a similar effect. Smoking and vaping also results in reduced amounts of saliva and leave a strong and persistent oral odour.
- Food choices such as garlic, onion and certain spices can be absorbed into the bloodstream and released on the breath. These smells persist even once food is digested. Excessive alcohol and coffee consumption may leave strong residual odours and can lead to a dry mouth environment.
- Medical conditions such as respiratory infections, gastrointestinal disorders and metabolic diseases such as Diabetes may produce bad breath.
- Dieting promotes the breakdown of fats. This produces ketones that can be detected in the breath.
Tips for the Prevention of Bad Breath include:
- Floss regularly and brush at least twice per day using a fluoride toothpaste. Antimicrobial mouthwash is a useful addition to reduce bacteria levels in the mouth but does not replace brushing and flossing. Additionally, brush your tongue as this can become an area for the collection of bacteria.
- Avoid Smoking and Vaping. Along with other obvious health benefits, quitting these products will also improve your oral health.
- Stay hydrated. Drinking plenty of water increases saliva flow which will flush away unwanted food and bacteria.
- Monitor your diet, avoid strong smelling foods such as garlic onion and spices which can linger. Limit sugary food and drink that will promote the growth of odour causing bacteria. On the other hand, high fibre foods such as fruit and vegetables will stimulate saliva flow and a healthy gut flora. This encourages good breath.
- Manage medical conditions that may contribute to bad breath. Consult you GP for advice.
- Regular Dental Check-ups are recommended to ensure your dental health is in good shape. This will address any oral issues early as they arise.
- Thoroughly clean dental appliances such as dentures and Orthodontic appliances to remove food, plaque and any associated bacteria.
- Replace your toothbrush every 3-4 months or following illness. This should be done sooner if the bristles are frayed.
Persistent bad breath can be a sign of an underlying dental or medical issue. Consult with your Dentist or GP to identify and address the cause.